Chandipura Virus spreads in Gujarat

22 Cases of a ferocious virus have been reported in Gujarat. Major news channels have started covering this outbreak, but clear and concise information has yet to reach the nationwide audience. We have summed up several info about the Chandipura Virus, and how to keep your family safe from it. 

 

What is the Chandipura Virus? 

Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a type of virus belonging to the Rhabdoviridae family, including the rabies virus. It is responsible for causing Chandipura encephalitis or Chandipura viral encephalitis in humans.

It was first identified in 1965 in Chandipura village, Maharashtra, India. It primarily spreads through the bites of infected sandflies and mosquitoes, including the Aedes aegypti mosquito (which also carries dengue).

 

Symptoms of Chandipura Virus 

The symptoms of Chandipura virus infection often appear rapidly and can worsen quickly. They include:

• Fever

• Headache

• Vomiting

• Altered mental state

• Seizures

• Diarrhea

• Neurological deficits

• Signs of meningeal irritation

It's important to note that children, especially those in rural areas, are particularly susceptible to severe infections, often leading to rapid deterioration and even death within 48 hours of hospitalization.

 

Treatment of Chandipura Virus

Unfortunately, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine available for Chandipura virus infection. The focus of treatment is on supportive care, which includes:

• Early diagnosis and immediate medical attention

• Hospitalization for severe cases

• Management of airways and breathing difficulties

• Fluid balance to prevent dehydration

• Prevention of secondary bacterial infections

• Antipyretics to reduce fever

• Anticonvulsants to control seizures

Prevention of Chandipura Virus

Since the virus is primarily transmitted through the bites of infected sandflies and mosquitoes, prevention strategies focus on:

• Using repellents to avoid mosquito and sandfly bites

• Wearing protective clothing that covers exposed skin

• Identifying and eliminating sandfly breeding sites

• Proper waste disposal and sanitation

• Using mosquito nets while sleeping

While these measures can help reduce the risk of infection, it's essential to stay informed about the situation in your area and follow the guidance of local health authorities.

 

Latest govt. Guidelines to ensure precaution

The state health department's advisory contained the recommended course of action, which included giving IV fluids, mannitol for intracranial pressure, and paracetamol for fever, respiratory, and circulatory support.

The Chandipura virus is being managed by the health department through several initiatives. It's also essential to make sure that homes and livestock areas have routine insecticide spraying to manage the sandfly population, which serves as the main vector for the virus.

 

It is typical for Chandipura infections to cause neurological abnormalities, which can show up as weakness, loss of coordination, or other problems with motor function. These impairments may need prolonged therapy because they can be lifelong.

Meningeal irritation frequently manifests as a stiff neck, headache, and light sensitivity, which is an indication that the membranes that wrap the brain and spinal cord are inflamed, according to Dr Pawar.

The goal of public awareness and prevention campaigns is to inform people about ways to minimise mosquito bites, keep their environment clean, and stay away from stagnant water. 

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